Thymosin Alpha-1

Thymosin Alpha-1 (Tα1, commercial name: Thymalfasin, brand name: Zadaxin) is a 28-amino-acid endogenous immunomodulatory peptide, synthetically produced as an acetylated polypeptide. It is a first-line immune regulator globally, approved in over 35 countries (China, EU, etc.) with FDA Orphan Drug status.

5mg*10vials

$116

10mg*10vials

$203

Product Information

Mechanism of Action (Multi-Pathway Immune Regulation)

Tα1 acts centrally and peripherally via TLR2/TLR9 agonism and T-cell signaling.

1. Adaptive Immune Activation

T-cell maturation: Promotes CD3+/CD4+/CD8+ T-cell differentiation and proliferation
Reverses T-cell exhaustion/anergy: Restores function in chronic viral/cancer states
Enhances Th1 polarization: ↑ IFN-γ, IL-2, TNF-α; ↓ Th2 (IL-4, IL-10) imbalance
Increases T-cell receptor (TCR) & lymphokine receptor expression

2. Innate Immune Enhancement

Dendritic cells (DCs): ↑ maturation, MHC-II, CD80/86; boosts antigen presentation
NK cells: ↑ cytotoxicity, proliferation, IFN-γ secretion
Macrophages: Polarizes to M2 (anti-inflammatory, phagocytic); inhibits excessive pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β)
TLR2/TLR9 agonism: Activates MyD88/TRIF pathways; enhances anti-pathogen defense

3. Anti-Viral & Anti-Tumor Effects

Directly inhibits viral replication (HBV/HCV/COVID-19)
Induces tumor cell apoptosis (breast cancer, leukemia)
Reduces tumor angiogenesis; enhances tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs)

4. Anti-Inflammatory & Tissue Protection

Balances pro/anti-inflammatory cytokines; prevents cytokine storms
Reduces oxidative stress; protects hepatocytes/pulmonary cells

Important Warnings & Safety Profile

Common Adverse Reactions (≤5%)

Local injection site: redness, pain, induration (mild, transient)
Transient fever, fatigue, headache
Mild nausea, diarrhea (rare)

Serious Risks (Rare)

Hypersensitivity reactions (anaphylaxis: <0.1%)
Possible immune flare in autoimmune-prone individuals
Transient liver enzyme elevation (reversible)

Dosing Guidelines (Standard)

Chronic Hepatitis: 1.6 mg SC twice weekly for 6–12 months
Immune Enhancement: 1.6 mg SC twice weekly for 4–8 weeks
Sepsis/Critical Illness: 1.6 mg SC q12h for 5–7 days
Cancer Adjuvant: 1.6 mg SC 3–7x/week during chemo/radiotherapy

Key Clinical Considerations

Do not mix with other medications in the same syringe
Store at 2–8°C; protect from light
Renal/hepatic impairment: no dose adjustment needed
Drug interactions:
- Synergistic with interferons, checkpoint inhibitors, antiviral agents
- No known antagonistic interactions